Neither did 202020 the Maya have a single emperor, though its kings were venerated as godlike, as in the Inca and Aztec cultures. And it does in fact represent a number of UW deployments by ODAs in th 60/70s. Logistics 6. where there is no, as yet, defined and identifiable enemy. The reason the human domain has gained importance is not because we have been missing it, it is because of the confluence of two factors that are deeply intertwined. advise/assist, sabotage) are no longer the realm of SOF. ~ Lightning Press. [xxiv] Just to head off any protests, I realize this dual-natured description is disingenuous, however I am constraining myself to the two choices our society presents us with and their respective approaches. [x] U.S. Army, TRADOC Pamphlet 525-3-0, The U.S. Army Capstone Concept, 19 DEC 2012, 15-16. and are likewise both required to understand it. Bill C---is not human domain really a substitute term for Kilcullens' "conflict ecosystem". The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. Entire tribes vanished as smallpox, scarlet fever, and influenza decimated the native population of the Americas. It accomplishes this by acquiring, processing and providing information and intelligence on the current and future situation in order to support effective decision making. If not, if we believe that in the human domain (as well as the levels beyond tactical in all domains) things are highly dependent upon context, fraught with tacit knowledge, and fall more into the art side than the science side,[xxiv] then the preferred philosophy should be the critical realist philosophy. I recently read a quote from COL Boyd of Boyd's OODA Loop fame: "The Pentagon has a strategy, and that strategy is maintain the flow of money" (or something to that effect). If one took the time to "understand the Sunni, Shia and AQI in Iraq one "saw" them at work---their surveillance, their targeting process, their swarm tactics and especially their thinking on the use of IEDs---and if one "understood" that then one could move onto their strategy which drove their battlefield tactics. Critical realism can be used to describe current or past situations. Without that systemic logic- the system was doomed to strategic failure. Though weathered or overgrown, the relics stand as permanent markers of the ingenuity and art of the pre-Columbian civilizations. The DOD Command and Control Research has identified and developed a model with three distinct but closely interconnected domains Interesting assessment on what I'm calling asymmetric surveillance approaches and much more. The seven warfighting functions are command and control, fires, force protection, information, intelligence, logistics, and maneuver. Movement is primarily concerned with positioning forces in an advantageous place and time from which to have an effect to achieve the mission. Know and define one's friends and allies. Inca, whose feats of engineering baffle modern architects, dominated the west coast of South America from 130013001300 to 153515351535. b. It seems rather outlandish to me and reminds me a bit of Marxist literature predicting the rise of the disenfranchised and the oppressed (workers of the world unite!). The use of this scenario in order to drive critical thinking by ODAs who are planning an UW/SW deployment is a given---it offers a massive amount of free play on the planning side as well as not being able to tie it to COIN as one cannot actually get into a clear hold and expand concept. Maneuver is the means by which commanders mass the effects of combat power to achieve surprise, shock, and momentum. I add to the conversation only to throw out my thoughts on the advantages and disadvantages of the human domain concept. The higher levels, however, are filled with officers and senior NCOs who have been institutionalized and are largely influenced- both consciously and largely unconsciously- by the bureaucracys systems and processes. Both tactical and operational maneuver require logistic support. Like Bill M stated if the enemy acquired ATGMs, beam riding weapons and secure Comms we would be looking a much more lethal conflict ecosystem - to put it mildly. As for warfighting potential, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) asserts a rather broad utility for offensive cyber operations. It cannot, however, lead to certainty about future outcomes.. The seven warfighting functions are command and control, fires, force protection, information, intelligence, logistics, and maneuver. Unless, of course, you mean to present an ahistorical role for SOF in future conflicts such as the lead in the military. Therefore, to win by democratize the population we had to understand how to influence the masses: how to work within the human domain. ing functions. It also includes the non-physical aspects of the force such as information and reputation. Grant---here goes the first response based on this para; "The Chief of Staff of the Army, General Odierno, allegedly said recently, That is what I was missing in Iraq! Its language is one of math and formulaic metaphor,[xvii] its logic is the scientific method, and its philosophy is of the Enlightenment Period. This largely unconscious effect is to be expected: any large organization experiences it quite naturally. Did those deploying understand "swarming" as practiced historically and used in Iraq and AFG? This was true for the SF of the 60/70s---the ability to "understand the mission, understand your enemy and understand yourself" before one is dropped in with no support from the outside world. Complete discussions by all ranks and ages---and we ran MDMP even in the 60s but it was creative and free thinking for all until the team was comfortable with the solution. Protection includes the physical aspects of force personnel (combatants and non-combatants), equipment, and infrastructure. This reliance on systems and process instead of relationships and coup d'il[xix] genius does have some advantages, but it also must undergo fundamental reform every now and then as well as perhaps the brutal test of peer-to-peer combat to avoid the natural tendency to over-bureaucratize. Virtually everyone knows what our end-game objective is. Everything evolved in and out of UW---I am surprised that the current SF senior leaders do not jump immediately back to UW/SW as it is and always has been the core historical success of SF. Sustainment influences the tempo, duration and intensity of all operations and often determines what can actually be achieved. Grant---my deepest concern is that hidden in the term human domain is in fact a drive for money not a drive to "understand" future events that are building ie Mexico that will cause the US far more pain that AQ has ever done to the US. It accomplishes this through adopting measures and conducting actions to reduce the risk posed by adversary, environmental and other threats and hazards. In my opinion the human domain is nothing more than observations on human nature and has always been a part of military thinking. The alternative, and the militarys current preferred philosophy, is the technically rational approach. 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[xxxiii] I would argue SOF played catch-up after 2001 and that it wasnt until 2003 or a little later that the tactical level headquarters (Group- although I dispute that a deployed Group HQ is tactical) began mimicking the bureaucracy of its higher headquarters. 1. Before falling to the Spanish in 152115211521, the Aztecs left several permanent contributions to history and to the explorers of the New World: chocolate, derived from indigenous cacao beans; tomatoes, potatoes, and numerous other vegetables that have long become staples to the rest of the world; and, as testament to the artisans among the Aztecs, an accurate, 242424-ton limestone calendar that took more than fifty years to construct. I think as well that the difference between the 60s and now is the length of rotations---we had a year to gain experience---AND the replacement process was individual replacements not team replacements--this allowed a sizeable amount of institutional knowledge to remain inside the team all the time---now whole teams come and go thus the institutional knowledge disappears if not passed on extremely well during RIP/TOA. There are three types of social change or influence according to some: compliance, identification, and internalization (Kelman HC, Compliance, Identification, and Internalization: Three processes of attitude change, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 1958, 51-60.). All warfighting functions possess scalable capabilities to mass lethal and nonlethal effects. Doctrine applied to the physical domains- made up of explicit knowledge- makes sense in some areas. London: Temple Smith, 1983. In other words, the mission has only one solution: make local/paramilitary forces more lethal and reform local governance to distribute the political and economic power so that X does not consolidate power in the resulting imbalance that our support would createi.e. I believe the system works but I would like to hear your opinion. The art of Special Warfare is a creative use of special groups of professionals who are educated and trained to see things from multiple perspectives, to critically think about ones institutions flawed view of the world, create something new that is highly context-dependent across the resource spectrum, and learns while doing. The opposition in AF are not fit, they are poorly trained and they have clapped out gear. "YOU (meaning the US military and agencies with which it works) are a part of the human domain and you cannot divorce yourselves from any of it. The identification of the need for this information and subsequently coordinating its collection is therefore a part of the Int WFF. In typical UW fashion he pulls his entire team together and they go over in detail all the circuits and devices---found nothing and went out to attempt it again. It is unlikely they have ever viewed the target with their M1Es and probably never will. If our young leaders of today had, as we may have had in our day, a good idea of what our national objective was, then might they be able to innovate, do mission command, and perform better? MS 301: Training Management and the Warfighting Functions Revision Date: 31 March 2022 Lesson 20,23,26,29,32: Branch Orientation Briefings Student Handout 1 Information Briefing Sheet Cadets will prepare and present an information briefing concerning an assigned branch. [xxxvi] Surgical Strike is usually associated with Special Mission Units that conduct Counterterrorism and limited strike, short-duration Direct Action hits. ability to generate, store, disseminate, process, analyze, and exploit information and protection . The systematic theory is highly suspect, as the Soviet centralized system should have taught us. The memoir covers the period from about 1941 to 1973. In other words, it's special tactics in a very conventional, multi-party, though not industrial scale, war. Hed joined up Coz the brothers from the Mosque promised to teach me Kung Fu.. The Aztecs, noted perhaps most often for their penchant for battle and human sacrifice, composed the second-largest pre-Columbian civilization in central America. The State and capital are already overwhelmed. What came after was different. It was the application of human nature to a military situation. The latter way, while possibly being less expensive, emphasizes small-footprint Special Warfare more than it does Surgical Strike. We saw in the last days the killing of a really major Hezbollah Commander by an AQ affiliate who is rumored to be supported by the Saudi's. Informational Brief Instructions (NOTE: This is a . Our group believing that we might have made some progess in this, our generational project. Mission command should cascade down the ranks through the NCOs to the formations at large. Although this is a simplification and perhaps disingenuous, one way of thinking about the two types of domains is to imagine an armored division battle as being one largely within the land domain. It borders on a religion and has been rejected by most disciplines (http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/positvsm.php). These movements may be partial or complete. 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